Abstract
Background: Artificial sweeteners are widely replacing caloric sweeteners. Data on long-term impact of artificially sweetened beverage (ASB) consumption during pregnancy on offspring obesity risk are lacking. We prospectively investigated intake of ASBs and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) during pregnancy in relation to offspring growth through age 7 years among high-risk children born to women with gestational diabetes.Methods: In a prospective study of 918 mother-singleton child dyads from the Danish National Birth Cohort, maternal dietary intake was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire during pregnancy. Offspring body mass index z-scores (BMIZ) and overweight/obesity status were derived using weight and length/height at birth, 5 and 12 months and 7 years. Linear regression and Poisson regression with robust standard errors were used, adjusting for major risk factors.Results: Approximately half of women reported consuming ASBs during pregnancy and 9% consumed daily. Compared to never consumption, daily ASB intake during pregnancy was positively associated with offspring large-for-gestational age [adjusted relative risk (aRR) 1.57; 95% CI: 1.05, 2.35 at birth], BMIZ (adjusted β 0.59; 95% CI: 0.23, 0.96) and overweight/obesity (aRR 1.93; 95% CI; 1.24, 3.01) at 7 years. Per-serving-per-day substitution of ASBs with water during pregnancy was related to a lower overweight/obesity risk at 7 years (aRR 0.83; 95% CI: 0.76, 0.91), whereas SSB substitution with ASBs was not related to a lower risk (aRR 1.14; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.31).Conclusions: Our findings illustrated positive associations between intrauterine exposure to ASBs and birth size and risk of overweight/obesity at 7 years. Data with longer follow-up are warranted.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 1499-1508 |
Number of pages | 10 |
Journal | International Journal of Epidemiology |
Volume | 46 |
Issue number | 5 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 1 Oct 2017 |
Keywords
- Adult
- Beverages/adverse effects
- Body Mass Index
- Body Weight
- Child
- Denmark/epidemiology
- Dietary Sucrose/adverse effects
- Female
- Humans
- Linear Models
- Male
- Multivariate Analysis
- Overweight/epidemiology
- Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology
- Pregnancy
- Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
- Prospective Studies
- Risk Factors
- Sweetening Agents/adverse effects