Long-term continuous exercise training counteracts the negative impact of the menopause transition on cardiometabolic health in hypertensive women: a 9-year RCT follow-up

Magni Mohr, Tórur Sjúrðarson, May-Britt Skoradal, Nikolai Baastrup Nordsborg, Peter Krustrup

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Abstract

Purpose: The study examined effects of 9-yrs of multicomponent exercise training during the menopause interval on cardiometabolic health in hypertensive women. Methods: Sedentary, middle-aged women (n = 25) with mild-to-moderate arterial hypertension were randomized into a soccer training (multicomponent exercise; EX; n = 12) or control group (CON; n = 13). EX took part in 1-h football training sessions, 1–3 times weekly, for a consecutive 9-years, totaling ∼800 training sessions, while CON did not take part in regular exercise training. 22 participants entered menopause during the intervention. Results: A time×group interaction effect (P = 0.04) of 8.5 mmHg in favour of EX was observed for changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP) (EX: −4.8 [−10.7;1.1] mmHg, CON +3.7 [−2.0;9.3] mmHg). Time×group interaction effects in favour of EX were also observed for total body weight (4.6 kg, P = 0.008, EX: +0.7 [−1.7;3.0] kg, CON: +5.3 [3.0;7.6] kg, total fat percentage (5.7%-points, P = 0.02; EX (−1.9 [−4.4;0.6] %-points; P = 0.13), CON +3.8 [1.4;6.2] %-points and for total cholesterol (1.2 mmol/l, P = 0.03, EX: −0.5 [−1.0;-0.1] mmol/l, CON: +0.7 [0.2;1.1] mmol/l. EX reduced (P = 0.02) plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol by −0.4 [−0.8;-0.1] mmol/l, whereas an increase (P = 0.01) of 0.4 [0.1;0.8] mmol/l occurred in CON (interaction. P < 0.001). A time×group interaction (P = 0.004) existed for changes in exercise capacity in favour of EX. Fasting glucose remained unchanged in EX and increased (P < 0.001) by 0.7 [0.4;1.0] mmol/l in CON (time×group interaction P = 0.02). Conclusion: In conclusion, long-term multicomponent exercise training fully counteracts the detrimental effects of the menopause transition on cardiometabolic health in hypertensive women.
Original languageEnglish
Number of pages24
JournalProgress in cardiovascular diseases
Early online date7 Dec 2023
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2023

Keywords

  • women
  • exercise training
  • menopause
  • cardiometabolic health
  • Prevention
  • Treatment
  • Soccer
  • Aging
  • Cardiovascular diseases
  • Football

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