TY - JOUR
T1 - Dietary risk factors for inflammatory bowel diseases in a high-risk population
T2 - Results from the Faroese IBD study
AU - Hammer, T
AU - Lophaven, SN
AU - Nielsen, KR
AU - Petersen, MS
AU - Munkholm, P
AU - Weihe, P
AU - Burisch, J
AU - Lynge, E
PY - 2019/8
Y1 - 2019/8
N2 - Background:The Faroe Islands currently have the highest recorded inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) incidence in the world. Objective:This study investigated environmental risk factors for IBD in the Faroese population. Methods:Environmental exposure data including lifestyle risk factors and neurotoxicants collected for over 30 years were retrieved from the Children's Health and the Environment in the Faroes (CHEF) cohorts including mainly mother-child pairs, with exposure data collected from pregnant mothers. For lifestyle risk factors, the incidence of IBD and ulcerative colitis (UC) was calculated as the rate ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) in exposed versus non-exposed persons. For neurotoxicants RR was calculated for persons with high versus low exposure. Results:Six cohorts included 5698 persons with complete follow-up data and at least one exposure, and 37 were diagnosed with IBD. For pilot whale/blubber, the RR was 1.02 (95% CI, 0.48-2.18); RR of 1.01 for fish (95% CI, 0.35-2.91); and of the pollutants studied, a statistical significantly increased risk was found for 1,1,1,-trichloro-2,2-bis-(p-chlorophenyl) ethane (p,p'-DDT); RR 3.04 (95% CI, 1.12-8.30). RRs were 1.96 (95% CI, 1.03-3.73) for smoking and 1.10 (95% CI, 0.55-2.19) for alcohol intake. Conclusion:The high IBD incidence is unlikely to be caused by special dietary habits or by environmental pollutants.
AB - Background:The Faroe Islands currently have the highest recorded inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) incidence in the world. Objective:This study investigated environmental risk factors for IBD in the Faroese population. Methods:Environmental exposure data including lifestyle risk factors and neurotoxicants collected for over 30 years were retrieved from the Children's Health and the Environment in the Faroes (CHEF) cohorts including mainly mother-child pairs, with exposure data collected from pregnant mothers. For lifestyle risk factors, the incidence of IBD and ulcerative colitis (UC) was calculated as the rate ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) in exposed versus non-exposed persons. For neurotoxicants RR was calculated for persons with high versus low exposure. Results:Six cohorts included 5698 persons with complete follow-up data and at least one exposure, and 37 were diagnosed with IBD. For pilot whale/blubber, the RR was 1.02 (95% CI, 0.48-2.18); RR of 1.01 for fish (95% CI, 0.35-2.91); and of the pollutants studied, a statistical significantly increased risk was found for 1,1,1,-trichloro-2,2-bis-(p-chlorophenyl) ethane (p,p'-DDT); RR 3.04 (95% CI, 1.12-8.30). RRs were 1.96 (95% CI, 1.03-3.73) for smoking and 1.10 (95% CI, 0.55-2.19) for alcohol intake. Conclusion:The high IBD incidence is unlikely to be caused by special dietary habits or by environmental pollutants.
KW - inflammatory bowel diseases
KW - Faroe Islands
KW - environmental risk factors
KW - ulcerative-colitis
KW - seafood diets
KW - exposure
KW - acid
KW - prevalence
KW - residents
KW - selenium
KW - mercury
KW - workers
KW - cohort
UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050640619852244
U2 - 10.1177/2050640619852244
DO - 10.1177/2050640619852244
M3 - Article
SN - 2050-6406
VL - 7
SP - 924
EP - 932
JO - United European Gastroenterology Journal
JF - United European Gastroenterology Journal
IS - 7
ER -